Prostate Cancer Treatment in Indore

Treatment of Prostate cancer - in-depth overview.

Prostate cancer is a cancer that occurs in the prostate gland, which is a small gland in men that produces seminal fluid. It is one of the most prevalent cancers in men, especially in those aged above 50. The development of prostate cancer may be slow, but there are instances where it may be fast and extend to other body parts, such as bones and lymph nodes. The most valuable thing is early-detected and personalised treatment.

🔹 Types of Prostate Cancer

The kind of prostate cancer assists in the determination of treatment methods:

Adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent, occurs in gland cells.

Small cell carcinoma - infrequent and vicious.

Transitional cell carcinoma - develops owing to urinary tract.

Sarcomas- rare, arise out of connective tissue.

🔹 Risk Factors

Age above 50

The prostate cancer has a family history.

Genetic mutations (BRCA1, BRCA 2, HOXB13)

Race (the highest among African-American men)

A diet high in red meat or fat

Sedentary lifestyle and obesity.

🔹 Symptoms

When prostate cancer is at an early stage, it would not be noticeable. As it advances, it may manifest itself as:

Problem with urinating or low urine flow.

Bladder use Urinary frequency: patient is continually urinating (high frequency, night awakening).

Blood in urine or semen

Scientia sexualis Pain in the lower back, hips, or pelvis.

Erectile dysfunction

Loss of weight and fatigue of an unexplained nature.

🔹 Diagnosis

Diagnosis is a complex of laboratory tests, imaging, and biopsies:

PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) blood test- is a sign that the level is high and indicates cancer.

Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) This is a physical examination of the prostate.

Imaging tests MRI, CT scan, and bone scan to determine whether it has spread or not.

Prostate biopsy: diagnosis and Gleason score.

Genetic testing: determines mutations to treat the disease.

🔹 Treatment Options

The treatment is determined by the stage of cancer, aggressiveness (Gleason score), age of the patient and well-being.

1. Active Surveillance / Watchful Waiting.

In low-risk and slow-growing prostate cancer.

Periodic monitoring of progression by PSA analysis, DREs and biopsies.

Does not over-treat the elderly.

2. Surgery

Radical Prostatectomy: the whole gland of the prostate is removed together with the lymph nodes close by.

It can be done through an open operation, a laparoscopic or a robotic-assisted procedure.

May can be accompanied by radiation or hormone therapy in case of high-risk characteristics.

3. Radiation Therapy

The rays are intense and are directed to the cancerous cells.

These are External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT) and internal radiation (Brachytherapy).

Combination with hormone therapy in the advanced cases is possible.

4. Androgen (Hormone Deprivation) Therapy.

Lowers testosterone, which is a prostate cancer fuel.

Techniques are either medications (LHRH agonists/antagonists) or surgical castration (uncommon).

Frequently applied together with radiation or in cases of metastatic disease.

5. Chemotherapy

Applied to progressive or hormone-resistant prostate cancer.

Medications are Docetaxel, Cabazitaxel.

6. Targeted Therapy

Targets particular cancer cell genomic mutations or miRNA pathways.

Examples: BRCA-positive cancer PARP inhibitors.

7. Immunotherapy

Activates the immune system of the body to destroy cancerous cells.

Side effects: Diarrhoea, nausea, rash, fatigue.

8. Palliative Care and Supportive Care.

Rehabilitation, nutrition and pain management.

Psychological and emotional patient and family support.

Enhances the quality of life in terminal illness.

🔹 Prognosis

The prostate cancer is localised, and the survival rate is very high (almost 100% 5-year survival).

The survival of advanced or metastatic cancer is based on the area covered, the health of the patient and response to therapy.

The early detection by the PSA test offers a great outcome.

🔹 Reasons to use Special Centres.

Multidisciplinary: urologists, radiationists, oncologists and supportive care teams.

Modern imaging services and surgery, such as robotic-assisted prostatectomy.

Hormone therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and clinical trials are all accessible.

Individualised treatment regimens depending on the cancer stage, genetic conditions and patient preferences.

��ání Preventive Awareness and Measures.

Only in the case of high-risk populations: routine PSA tests and digital rectal examinations of men after the age of 50 (or younger).

Healthy lifestyle: healthy diet, physical activity, and healthy weight.

Knowledge about family history and genetic risk.

Early detection of symptoms in the urine or pelvis.